The appearance of worms y children is not uncommon. At risk are toddlers babies and older children. You need to understand what are the different types of worms and how they can be transmitted. Only prevention can protect your child from this unpleasant phenomenon.
Why there are worms y children
There are several ways of infestation y children:
- through insect bites;
- by eating undercooked meat;
- through dirty hands;
- contact with items which contain eggs of worms;
- through unwashed vegetables and fruit.
High prevalence of parasites among pediatric age group due to the fact that helminth eggs are microscopic in size. They are in Calais, directly around the anus, on the perineum y a sick child.
Important! To prevent re-infection with worms, it is necessary to wash the bedclothes for the baby on the maximum temperature, after which Pat iron.
The baby can itch, what contributes to the spread of worms. Eggs get on hands, under fingernails, on bedding, and then spread in the environment. Worms can easily be infected with other children, adults or re-infected the child.
This is especially true of toddlers who put everything in his mouth, do not wash their hands before eating. Also the most common source of infection with worms has a children's sandbox, especially if it is open.
Another route of infection is eating infected meat which has not passed sufficient heat treatment. Is also a risk of fish both river and sea.
Important! Do not let your child eat sushi because they are often prepared with raw fish. This can cause infestation of worms. find out what are the first signs of worms y children.
Varieties of worms
There are a large number of worms that can attack the human body. They can be not only in the intestine and in other organs, where carried by the bloodstream, liver, lung, heart, main brain, eyes, gall bladder.
Remember! To give children a tablet from worms without a prescription is strictly prohibited!
The main human parasites are divided into the following groups:
- flukes;
- nematodes;
- cestodes.
General characteristics of nematodes
Nematodes are the most common types of intestinal worms among children. To roundworms include:
- whipworm;
- pinworms;
- Trichinella;
- roundworm.
Get them, you can when helminth eggs enter the digestive tract and then deposited in the intestine of the baby. This could happen through dirty hands, by eating unwashed food. Children under one year are also subject to infestation by the nematodes, because they are exploring the world, sticking it in their mouth.
Important! Small children often become infected with worms, because y them had not fully developed digestive system. Insufficient amount of enzyme is unable to neutralize the parasite eggs that are trapped in the stomach.
Nematodes have a negative impact on immature children:
- cause tissue damage of the intestine;
- eat nutrients that come from food;
- can cause blockage of the bile ducts;
- nausea, upset his chair;
- the child feels a lack of energy.
Also often develop an allergic reaction to the waste products of the parasites may form a slight rash, dermatitis.
Enterobiasis - pinworms
Enterobiasisy children – one of the most common diseases, which is caused by the pinworm. Are small worms with a size of 1 cm, which live in the intestines (read as take the analysis on enterobiasis).
Infestation occurs when the eggs of worms enter the digestive system. They are very resistant to environmental influences, do not always die when cleaning disinfectants, but are destroyed by high temperature during boiling.
The eggs of a pinworm can be on the body of a sick toddler, interior items, dishes, toys. So catch them very easily.
Important! If in the feces of a child you see white worms, you can be sure that it is pinworms.
The most characteristic symptom of enterobiasis when is the appearance of severe itching around the anus, especially at night and in the evening. The baby may be difficult to fall asleep, to come back, crying, cranky. In most cases, pinworms are not dangerous to the health of the child, but bring a lot of discomfort.
Ascariasis – symptoms and dangers
Ascariasis is characterized by infection of the human body dangerous parasites – ascaride. They affect not only the intestine and lungs, liver and heart.
Worms in the lungs manifested by such symptoms:
- increasing the temperature to 38°C;
- the appearance of sputum with blood;
- dry cough;
- weakness and body aches.
Important! With the defeat of the ascaride of the body may develop asthma, pneumonia and bronchitis.
It is also often increasing the lymph nodes, spleen, a rash on the body.
After 2-3 months, roundworm penetrate into the intestine, then there are various disorders of the digestive system:
- diarrhea;
- constipation;
- nausea;
- flatulence.
Important! Worms in the liver can block the bile duct than to provoke the appearance of jaundice.
Cestodes y child
To the cestode parasites include:
- specimen;
- beef tapeworm;
- dog tapeworm;
- Echinococcus;
- tapeworm broad;
- pork tapeworm.
Tapeworms feed on the nutrients that come from food – vitamin B12, folic acid and others. Instead of poisoning the toxic wastes that remain after their life.
The symptoms of cestodes is:
- any unexplained loss or weight gain;
- disorders of the digestive system;
- pain in the abdomen;
- fatigue;
- decrease in immunity.
The main mode of cestode infection is consumption of undercooked meat, which contains the eggs of worms. Dog tapeworm is often found in children who are constantly in contact with dogs.
Important! A feature of these parasites is that they can reach 40-50 m and live in human intestines for up to 20 years.
Trematodes – features
Parasites of the species of trematodes include:
- Siberian Fluke;
- paragonimiasis;
- schistosomiasis;
- the liver Fluke.
Flukes can live in the intestine, liver, lungs and other organs. Helminth eggs are carried through the bloodstream to all organs and systems of man.
Important! Flatworms also called flukes, because on your body they have suction cups. Thanks to them they eat.
The main route of infection is through poorly cooked meat, fish, by drinking contaminated water.
Symptoms that indicate the presence of flat worms:
- the appearance of dermatitis;
- abdominal pain;
- enlargement of the liver;
- the appearance of jaundice;
- disorders of the chair;
- anemia.
Giardiasis in children
Giardiasis cause Giardia – microorganisms that infect the intestine. Infection occurs via oocysts that are excreted in the feces of the sick person. They long time can remain in the environment until contact with a child.
Important! Enough to swallow a few cysts (see what Giardia cysts) to become infected with giardiasis.
Often the disease is asymptomatic and disappears after a few weeks without treatment. Sometimes there is indigestion, fever, abdominal pain, the child may lose weight.
Infestation kids are not uncommon. It is important to observe the rules of hygiene, washing hands often, to accustom the baby to take toys in his mouth to prevent such an unpleasant phenomenon. Identifying y of the child symptoms which are characterized by the presence of worms, it is necessary to consult a doctor.